An important problem in project management is determining ways to distribute amongst activities the costs that are incurred when a project is delayed because some activities end later than expected. In this study, we address this problem in stochastic projects, where the durations of activities are unknown but their corresponding probability distributions are known. We propose and characterise an allocation rule based on the Shapley value, illustrate its behaviour by using examples, and analyse features of its calculation for large problems.

翻译：项目管理中的一个重要问题是确定当项目因某些活动晚于预期完成而产生延迟成本时，如何在各项活动之间分配这些成本。本研究针对随机项目情形——其中活动持续时间未知但对应概率分布已知——探讨该问题。我们提出并刻画了一种基于夏普利值（Shapley value）的分配规则，通过算例说明其行为特征，并分析该方法在大规模问题中的计算特性。