Quantum computing provides the feasible multi-layered security challenges to classical blockchain systems. Whereas, quantum-secured blockchains relied on quantum key distribution (QKD) to establish secure channels can address this potential threat. This paper presents a scalable quantum-resistant blockchain architecture designed to address the connectivity and distance limitations of the QKD integrated quantum networks. By leveraging the twin-field (TF) QKD protocol within a measurement-device-independent (MDI) topology, the proposed framework can optimize the infrastructure complexity from quadratic to linear scaling. This architecture effectively integrates information-theoretic security with distributed consensus mechanisms, allowing the system to overcome the fundamental rate-loss limits inherent in traditional point-to-point links. The proposed scheme offers a theoretically sound and feasible solution for deploying large-scale and long-distance consortium.

翻译：量子计算对经典区块链系统构成了切实可行的多层安全挑战。然而，依赖量子密钥分发建立安全通道的量子安全区块链能够应对这一潜在威胁。本文提出了一种可扩展的抗量子区块链架构，旨在解决集成量子密钥分发的量子网络在连接性和距离上的限制。通过在测量设备无关拓扑中利用双场量子密钥分发协议，所提出的框架可将基础设施复杂度从二次方优化至线性增长。该架构有效地将信息论安全性与分布式共识机制相结合，使系统能够克服传统点对点链路固有的基本速率-损耗限制。所提方案为部署大规模、长距离的联盟链提供了一个理论可靠且切实可行的解决方案。