Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has experienced significant development and continuous breakthroughs in theory, enabling its widespread application in various fields, like outsourcing computation and secure multi-party computing, in order to preserve privacy. Nonetheless, the application of FHE is constrained by its substantial computing overhead and storage cost. Researchers have proposed practical acceleration solutions to address these issues. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey for systematically comparing and analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of FHE acceleration schemes, which is currently lacking in the literature. The relevant researches conducted between 2019 and 2022 are investigated. We first provide a comprehensive summary of the latest research findings on accelerating FHE, aiming to offer valuable insights for researchers interested in FHE acceleration. Secondly, we classify existing acceleration schemes from algorithmic and hardware perspectives. We also propose evaluation metrics and conduct a detailed comparison of various methods. Finally, our study presents the future research directions of FHE acceleration, and also offers both guidance and support for practical application and theoretical research in this field.

翻译：全同态加密（FHE）在理论上经历了显著发展和持续突破，使其能够广泛应用于外包计算和安全多方计算等隐私保护领域。然而，FHE的应用因其巨大的计算开销和存储成本而受到限制。研究人员提出了实用的加速解决方案以应对这些问题。本文旨在对FHE加速方案的优缺点进行系统比较与分析，提供当前文献中缺乏的全面调查。我们研究了2019年至2022年间开展的相关研究。首先，我们全面总结了加速FHE的最新研究成果，旨在为关注FHE加速的研究者提供有价值的见解。其次，我们从算法和硬件两个角度对现有加速方案进行分类。我们还提出了评估指标，并对各种方法进行了详细比较。最后，本研究提出了FHE加速的未来研究方向，并为该领域的实际应用和理论研究提供了指导与支持。