Modern robots are stepping away from monolithic entities built using ad-hoc sensors and actuators, due to new technologies and communication paradigms, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Robotic Operating System (ROS). Using such paradigms, robots can be built by acquiring heterogeneous standard devices and putting them in communication with each other. This approach brings high degrees of modularity, but it also yields uncertainty of providing cybersecurity assurances, and guarantees on the integrity of the embodiment. In this paper, we first illustrate how cyberattacks on different devices can have radically different consequences on the robot's ability to complete its tasks and preserve its embodiment. We also claim that modern robots should have self-awareness for what it concerns such aspects, and formulate the different characteristics that robots should integrate for doing so. Then, we show that achieving these propositions requires that robots possess at least three properties that conceptually link devices and tasks. Last, we reflect on how these three properties could be achieved in a larger conceptual framework.

翻译：随着物联网（IoT）和机器人操作系统（ROS）等新技术与通信范式的出现，现代机器人正在逐步摆脱由临时传感器与执行器构成的单体实体。借助此类范式，机器人可通过获取异构标准设备并使其相互通信来构建。这种方法带来了高度模块化，但也引发了提供网络安全保障与保证具身完整性的不确定性。本文首先阐述了针对不同设备的网络攻击如何对机器人完成任务及保持其具身完整性产生截然不同的后果。我们亦指出现代机器人应具备关于这些方面的自我意识，并系统阐述了机器人为此应整合的不同特性。随后，我们证明实现这些主张需要机器人至少具备三个在概念上链接设备与任务的属性。最后，我们反思了如何在更广泛的概念框架中实现这三个属性。