Liquid democracy is a hybrid direct-representative decision making process that provides each voter with the option of either voting directly or to delegate their vote to another voter, i.e., to a representative of their choice. One of the proposed advantages of liquid democracy is that, in general, it is assumed that voters will delegate their vote to others that are better informed, which leads to more informed and better decisions. Considering an audience from various knowledge domains, we provide an accessible high-level analysis of a prominent critique of liquid democracy by Caragiannis and Micha. Caragiannis and Micha's critique contains three central topics: 1. Analysis using their $\alpha$-delegation model, which does not assume delegation to the more informed; 2. Novel delegation network structures where it is advantageous to delegate to the less informed rather than the more informed; and 3. Due to NP hardness, the implied impracticability of a social network obtaining an optimal delegation structure. We show that in the real world, Caragiannis and Micha's critique of liquid democracy has little or no relevance. Respectively, our critique is based on: 1. The identification of incorrect $\alpha$-delegation model assumptions; 2. A lack of novel delegation structures and their effect in a real-world implementation of liquid democracy, which would be guaranteed with constraints that sensibly distribute voting power; and 3. The irrelevance of an optimal delegation structure if the correct result is guaranteed regardless. We conclude that Caragiannis and Micha's critique has no significant negative relevance to the proposition of liquid democracy.
翻译:流动民主是一种混合直接-代表制的决策过程,它为每位选民提供直接投票或将其投票权委托给另一位选民(即他们选择的代表)的选择。流动民主的一个预期优势是,通常假设选民会将投票权委托给信息更充分的人,从而产生更知情且更优的决策。面向来自不同知识领域的受众,我们提供了对Caragiannis和Micha关于流动民主的一个突出批评的可理解的高层次分析。Caragiannis和Micha的批评包含三个核心主题:1. 使用他们的$\alpha$-委托模型进行分析,该模型不假设委托给更知情者;2. 新颖的委托网络结构,其中委托给更不知情者比委托给更知情者更有利;以及3. 由于NP难度,社交网络获得最优委托结构的隐含不可行性。我们表明,在现实世界中,Caragiannis和Micha对流动民主的批评几乎没有或根本没有关联性。相应地,我们的批评基于:1. 识别$\alpha$-委托模型假设的错误;2. 缺乏新颖的委托结构及其在流动民主现实实现中的影响,而通过合理分配投票权的约束可确保这种影响;以及3. 无论结果正确与否,最优委托结构的不相关性。我们得出结论:Caragiannis和Micha的批评对流动民主的提议没有显著的负面关联性。