One of the most widespread human behavioral biases is the present bias -- the tendency to overestimate current costs by a bias factor. Kleinberg and Oren (2014) introduced an elegant graph-theoretical model of inconsistent planning capturing the behavior of a present-biased agent accomplishing a set of actions. The essential measure of the system introduced by Kleinberg and Oren is the cost of irrationality -- the ratio of the total cost of the actions performed by the present-biased agent to the optimal cost. This measure is vital for a task designer to estimate the aftermaths of human behavior related to time-inconsistent planning, including procrastination and abandonment. As we prove in this paper, the cost of irrationality is highly susceptible to the agent's choices when faced with a few possible actions of equal estimated costs. To address this issue, we propose a modification of Kleinberg-Oren's model of inconsistent planning. In our model, when an agent selects from several options of minimum prescribed cost, he uses a randomized procedure. We explore the algorithmic complexity of computing and estimating the cost of irrationality in the new model.

翻译：最普遍的人类行为偏见之一是目前存在的偏见 -- -- 倾向于以偏差因素高估当前成本。克莱伯格和奥伦(2014)引入了一个优雅的图表理论模型,记录了当前有偏见的代理人完成一系列行动的行为。克莱伯格和奥伦引入的系统的基本衡量标准是非理性成本 -- -- 当前有偏见的代理人所采取行动的总成本与最佳成本之比。这一计量对于任务设计者估算与时间不一致的规划,包括拖延和抛弃有关的人类行为后果至关重要。正如我们在本文中证明的那样,在面临几起可能的估算成本相等的行动时,非理性成本对于代理人的选择非常容易。为了解决这一问题,我们建议修改克莱伯格-奥伦的不合理规划模式。在我们的模式中,当一个代理人从几种最低规定成本选项中选择时,他使用随机化程序。我们探讨了计算和估计新模型不合理性成本的算法复杂性。