Parliamentary debate constitutes a central arena of political power, shaping legislative outcomes and public discourse. Incivility within this arena signals political polarization and institutional conflict. This study presents a systematic investigation of incivility in the German Bundestag by examining calls to order (CtO; plural: CtOs) as formal indicators of norm violations. Despite their relevance, CtOs have received little systematic attention in parliamentary research. We introduce a rule-based method for detecting and annotating CtOs in parliamentary speeches and present a novel dataset of German parliamentary debates spanning 72 years that includes annotated CtO instances. Additionally, we develop the first classification system for CtO triggers and analyze the factors associated with their occurrence. Our findings show that, despite formal regulations, the issuance of CtOs is partly subjective and influenced by session presidents and parliamentary dynamics, with certain individuals disproportionately affected. An insult towards individuals is the most frequent cause of CtO. In general, male members and those belonging to opposition parties receive more calls to order than their female and coalition-party counterparts. Most CtO triggers were detected in speeches dedicated to governmental affairs and actions of the presidency. The CtO triggers dataset is available at: https://github.com/kalawinka/cto_analysis.

翻译：议会辩论构成政治权力的核心舞台，塑造立法成果与公共话语。这一舞台中的失礼行为标志着政治两极分化与制度冲突。本研究以秩序召唤（CtO；复数形式：CtOs）作为规范违反的正式指标，对德国联邦议院中的失礼行为进行了系统性调查。尽管具有相关性，CtOs在议会研究中鲜少受到系统关注。我们提出一种基于规则的方法，用于在议会演讲中检测并标注CtOs，并呈现一个涵盖72年德国议会辩论的新数据集，其中包含已标注的CtO实例。此外，我们开发了首个CtO触发分类系统，并分析了与其发生相关的因素。研究结果表明，尽管存在正式规定，CtO的发出具有一定主观性，并受会议主席及议会动态影响，某些个体受到不成比例的波及。对个人的侮辱是CtO最常见的原因。总体而言，男性议员及反对党成员比女性议员及执政联盟成员收到更多秩序召唤。多数CtO触发出现在涉及政府事务及主席行为的演讲中。CtO触发数据集见：https://github.com/kalawinka/cto_analysis。