In this study, we introduce Spider RIS technology, which offers an innovative solution to the challenges encountered in movable antennas (MAs) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled communication systems. By combining the dynamic adaptation capability of MAs and the flexible location advantages of UAVs, this technology offers a dynamic and movable RIS, which can flexibly optimize physical locations within the two-dimensional movement platform. Spider RIS aims to enhance the communication efficiency and reliability of wireless networks, particularly in obstructive environments, by elevating the signal quality and achievable rate. The motivation of Spider RIS is based on the ability to fully exploit the spatial variability of wireless channels and maximize channel capacity even with a limited number of reflecting elements by overcoming the limitations of traditional fixed RIS and energy-intensive UAV systems. Considering the geometry-based millimeter wave channel model, we present the design of a three-stage angular-based hybrid beamforming system empowered by Spider RIS: First, analog beamformers are designed using angular information, followed by the generation of digital precoder/combiner based on the effective channel observed from baseband stage. Subsequently, the joint dynamic positioning with phase shift design of the Spider RIS is optimized using particle swarm optimization, maximizing the achievable rate of the systems.

翻译：在本研究中，我们提出了蜘蛛RIS技术，它为可移动天线（MA）和无人机（UAV）通信系统所面临的挑战提供了创新解决方案。通过融合MA的动态适应能力与UAV的灵活定位优势，该技术构建了一个动态可移动的RIS，能够在二维移动平台上灵活优化物理位置。蜘蛛RIS旨在通过提升信号质量和可达速率，增强无线网络的通信效率与可靠性，特别是在阻塞环境中。其动机在于，即便反射单元数量有限，也能充分利用无线信道的空间变化性并最大化信道容量，从而克服传统固定RIS与高能耗UAV系统的局限性。基于几何毫米波信道模型，我们设计了一种由蜘蛛RIS赋能的三阶段角度混合波束赋形系统：首先利用角度信息设计模拟波束成形器，随后根据基带阶段观测到的有效信道生成数字预编码/合并矩阵，最后采用粒子群优化算法联合优化蜘蛛RIS的动态定位与相位设计，以最大化系统的可达速率。