Ontologies are widely used for achieving interoperable Digital Twins (DTws), yet competing DTw definitions compound interoperability issues. Semantically linking these differing twins is feasible through ontologies and Cognitive Digital Twins (CDTws). However, it is often unclear how ontology use bolsters broader DTw advancements. This article presents a systematic survey following the PRISMA method, to explore the potential of ontologies to support DTws to meet the Centre for Digital Built Britain's Gemini Principles and aims to link progress in ontologies to this framework. The Gemini Principles focus on common DTw requirements, considering: Purpose for 1) Public Good, 2) Value Creation, and 3) Insight; Trustworthiness with sufficient 4) Security, 5) Openness, and 6) Quality; and appropriate Functionality of 7) Federation, 8) Curation, and 9) Evolution. This systematic literature review examines the role of ontologies in facilitating each principle. Existing research uses ontologies to solve DTw challenges within these principles, particularly by connecting DTws, optimising decisionmaking, and reasoning governance policies. Furthermore, analysing the sectoral distribution of literature found that research encompassing the crossover of ontologies, DTws and the Gemini Principles is emerging, and that most innovation is predominantly within manufacturing and built environment sectors. Critical gaps for researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers are subsequently identified.

翻译：本体被广泛用于实现可互操作的数字孪生，然而相互竞争的数字孪生定义加剧了互操作性问题。通过本体和认知数字孪生，在语义层面关联这些不同的孪生体是可行的。但本体应用如何推动数字孪生的整体发展仍不明确。本文遵循PRISMA方法开展系统性综述，探索本体支持数字孪生满足英国数字建造中心《双子原则》的潜力，并旨在将本体研究进展与该框架相衔接。《双子原则》聚焦数字孪生的共性需求，考虑：目的维度的1）公共利益、2）价值创造、3）洞见；可信性维度的4）安全性、5）开放性、6）质量；以及功能维度的7）联邦化、8）策展、9）演进。本系统性文献综述考察了本体在促进各原则实现中的作用。现有研究通过本体解决这些原则框架下的数字孪生挑战，特别是在连接数字孪生、优化决策以及制定治理策略方面。此外，通过分析文献的行业分布发现，涵盖本体、数字孪生与《双子原则》交叉领域的研究方兴未艾，且创新成果主要集中在制造业与建筑环境领域。研究进而为科研人员、行业从业者及政策制定者指出了关键空白领域。