This paper presents a comprehensive review of univariate process capability indices (PCIs), which are critical metrics for assessing how effectively a manufacturing process satisfies customer specifications based on a single quality characteristic. The primary objective of this review is to develop practical procedural workflows for conducting process capability analysis under various preconditions, including those less frequently addressed scenarios in existing literature. Key analytical components, such as outlier detection, normality test, and best distribution fitting, are integrated into the proposed framework to ensure accurate and robust capability assessments. By systematically evaluating a range of methodologies, this study offers guidance for researchers and practitioners in selecting the most appropriate PCIs for specific process conditions. Ultimately, the work aims to simplify the complexity of PCI analysis while enhancing its precision and utility in quality control and process improvement efforts.

翻译：本文系统综述了基于单一质量特性评估制造过程满足客户规格程度的单变量过程能力指标（PCIs）。本综述的核心目标是构建在不同前提条件下（包括现有文献中较少涉及的情形）开展过程能力分析的实用流程框架。该框架整合了离群点检测、正态性检验及最优分布拟合等关键分析要素，以确保能力评估的准确性与稳健性。通过系统评估多种方法论，本研究为研究人员和从业者针对特定过程条件选择最适PCIs提供了指导。最终，本工作旨在简化PCI分析的复杂性，同时提升其在质量控制与过程改进中的精度与实用性。