This paper presents a new method for quantum identity authentication (QIA) protocols. The logic of classical zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) due to Schnorr is applied in quantum circuits and algorithms. This novel approach gives an exact way with which a prover $P$ can prove they know some secret by encapsulating it in a quantum state before sending to a verifier $V$ by means of a quantum channel - allowing for a ZKP wherein an eavesdropper or manipulation can be detected with a fail-safe design. This is achieved by moving away from the hardness of the Discrete Logarithm Problem towards the hardness of estimating quantum states. This paper presents a method with which this can be achieved and some bounds for the security of the protocol provided. With the anticipated advent of a `quantum internet', such protocols and ideas may soon have utility and execution in the real world.

翻译：本文提出了量子身份认证协议的一种新方法。将Schnorr提出的经典零知识证明逻辑应用于量子电路与算法中。这一创新方法提供了精确方式：证明者$P$可将秘密信息封装至量子态，通过量子信道发送给验证者$V$，从而构建一种具有容错设计的零知识证明协议，使得窃听或篡改行为能被检测。该方案将安全性从离散对数问题的计算复杂性转移至量子态估计的难度上。本文阐述了实现该方案的具体方法，并给出了协议的安全界。随着“量子互联网”的预期到来，此类协议与思想有望在现实世界中获得应用与执行。