How do large-scale economic transformations shape cultural production? We address this question by combining computational linguistics, econometrics, and formal modelling, using French drama as a well-documented empirical laboratory. Applying latent Dirichlet allocation to a corpus of 1,215 theatrical texts published between 1700 and 1900, we show that aristocratic discourse centred on sovereignty and political authority was gradually displaced by bourgeois and household economic themes as French capitalism developed. Bayesian vector autoregressive models with max-share shock identification suggest a temporal shift in the literary response to economic shocks: bourgeois everyday-life themes reacted to GDP shocks in the eighteenth century, whereas household-economic concerns became responsive only after 1820, amid accelerating industrialisation. A discrete-choice model shows that peer effects among authors and sensitivity to prevailing economic conditions can jointly account for these dynamics. Monte Carlo simulations reproduce the observed historical trajectory with reasonable fidelity. These findings offer a quantitative framework for understanding how economic transformations propagate into cultural production through identifiable social mechanisms, contributing to the study of cultural evolution and the long-run relationship between institutions and literary discourse.

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