Microring resonators (MRRs) are promising devices for time-delay photonic reservoir computing, but the impact of the different physical effects taking place in the MRRs on the reservoir computing performance is yet to be fully understood. We numerically analyze the impact of linear losses as well as thermo-optic and free-carrier effects relaxation times on the prediction error of the time-series task NARMA-10. We demonstrate the existence of three regions, defined by the input power and the frequency detuning between the optical source and the microring resonance, that reveal the cavity transition from linear to nonlinear regimes. One of these regions offers very low error in time-series prediction under relatively low input power and number of nodes while the other regions either lack nonlinearity or become unstable. This study provides insight into the design of the MRR and the optimization of its physical properties for improving the prediction performance of time-delay reservoir computing.

翻译：微环谐振器(MRR)是时间延迟光子储层计算的重要器件，但MRR中不同物理效应对储层计算性能的影响仍有待深入理解。我们通过数值分析研究了线性损耗以及热光效应和自由载流子效应的弛豫时间对时间序列任务NARMA-10预测误差的影响。结果证明了由输入光源与微环谐振频率之间的输入功率和频率失谐共同定义的三个区域的存在，揭示了腔体从线性向非线性机制的转变。其中某个区域在相对较低的输入功率和节点数下实现了极低的时间序列预测误差，而其他区域要么缺乏非线性特性，要么变得不稳定。本研究为优化MRR设计及其物理特性以提升时间延迟储层计算预测性能提供了理论依据。