This paper explores how design patterns could be revisited in the era of mainstream functional programming languages. I discuss the kinds of knowledge that ought to be represented as functional design patterns: architectural concepts that are relatively self-contained, but whose entirety cannot be represented as a language-level abstraction. I present four concrete examples embodying this idea: the Witness, the State Machine, the Parallel Lists, and the Registry. Each pattern is implemented in Rust to demonstrate how careful use of a sophisticated type system can better model each domain construct and thereby catch user mistakes at compile-time.

翻译：本文探讨了在主流函数式编程语言兴起的背景下，如何重新审视设计模式。我讨论了应当被表示为函数式设计模式的知识类型：那些相对独立、但其整体性无法被语言级抽象所完整呈现的架构概念。我提出了体现这一思想的四个具体实例：见证模式（Witness）、状态机模式（State Machine）、并行列表模式（Parallel Lists）和注册表模式（Registry）。每个模式均以Rust语言实现，以展示如何通过精心运用复杂的类型系统来更好地对每个领域构造进行建模，从而在编译时捕获用户错误。