We propose a semantic foundation for logics for reasoning in settings that possess a distinction between equality of variables, a coarser equivalence of variables, and a notion of conditional independence between variables. We show that such relations can be modelled naturally in atomic sheaf toposes.

翻译：本文为兼具变量平等性、变量间更粗粒度等价性以及变量间条件独立性概念的逻辑推理场景提供语义基础。我们证明此类关系可在原子束层拓扑斯中得到自然建模。