Although effective teamwork and communication are critical to surgical safety, structured training for non-technical skills (NTS) remains limited compared with technical simulation. The ACS/APDS Phase III Team-Based Skills Curriculum calls for scalable tools that both teach and objectively assess these competencies during laparoscopic emergencies. We introduce the Virtual Operating Room Team Experience (VORTeX), a multi-user virtual reality (VR) platform that integrates immersive team simulation with large language model (LLM) analytics to train and evaluate communication, decision-making, teamwork, and leadership. Team dialogue is analyzed using structured prompts derived from the Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS) framework, enabling automated classification of behaviors and generation of directed interaction graphs that quantify communication structure and hierarchy. Two laparoscopic emergency scenarios, pneumothorax and intra-abdominal bleeding, were implemented to elicit realistic stress and collaboration. Twelve surgical professionals completed pilot sessions at the 2024 SAGES conference, rating VORTeX as intuitive, immersive, and valuable for developing teamwork and communication. The LLM consistently produced interpretable communication networks reflecting expected operative hierarchies, with surgeons as central integrators, nurses as initiators, and anesthesiologists as balanced intermediaries. By integrating immersive VR with LLM-driven behavioral analytics, VORTeX provides a scalable, privacy-compliant framework for objective assessment and automated, data-informed debriefing across distributed training environments.

翻译：尽管有效的团队协作与沟通对手术安全至关重要，但相较于技术模拟，针对非技术技能的结构化培训仍显不足。美国外科医师学会/美国外科住院医师项目主任协会第三阶段团队技能课程呼吁在腹腔镜急症场景中采用可扩展的工具，既能教授又能客观评估这些能力。我们推出虚拟手术室团队体验平台，这是一个多用户虚拟现实平台，通过将沉浸式团队模拟与大语言模型分析相结合，用于培训与评估沟通、决策、团队协作及领导力。团队对话采用源自外科医生非技术技能框架的结构化提示进行分析，实现了行为自动分类及生成定向交互图，从而量化沟通结构与层级关系。研究实施了气胸和腹腔内出血两种腹腔镜急症场景，以引发真实的压力与协作情境。十二名外科专业人员在2024年SAGES会议上完成了试点测试，评价该平台直观、沉浸感强，对培养团队协作与沟通能力具有重要价值。大语言模型持续生成可解释的沟通网络，准确反映了预期的手术层级结构：外科医生作为核心整合者，护士作为发起者，麻醉医师则扮演平衡的中间人角色。通过将沉浸式虚拟现实与大语言模型驱动的行为分析相结合，该平台构建了一个可扩展、符合隐私保护要求的框架，支持在分布式培训环境中进行客观评估及基于数据的自动化复盘。