Spelling taught through memorization often fails many learners, particularly children with language-based learning disorders who struggle with the phonological skills necessary to spell words accurately. Educators such as speech-language pathologists (SLPs) address this instructional gap by using an inquiry-based approach to teach spelling that targets the phonology, morphology, meaning, and etymology of words. Yet, these strategies rarely appear in everyday writing tools, which simply detect and autocorrect errors. We introduce SPIRE (Spelling Inquiry Engine), a spell check system that brings this inquiry-based pedagogy into the act of composition. SPIRE implements Pedagogical Program Synthesis, a novel approach for operationalizing the inherently dynamic pedagogy of spelling instruction. SPIRE represents SLP instructional moves in a domain-specific language, synthesizes tailored programs in real-time from learner errors, and renders them as interactive interfaces for inquiry-based interventions. With SPIRE, spelling errors become opportunities to explore word meanings, word structures, morphological families, word origins, and grapheme-phoneme correspondences, supporting metalinguistic reasoning alongside correction. Evaluation with SLPs and learners shows alignment with professional practice and potential for integration into writing workflows.

翻译：通过记忆教授拼写的方法往往使许多学习者失败，尤其对于患有语言学习障碍的儿童而言，他们难以掌握准确拼写单词所需的语音技能。诸如言语语言病理学家（SLPs）等教育工作者通过采用探究式教学法来弥补这一教学空白，该方法针对单词的语音、形态、意义和词源进行教学。然而，这些策略在日常写作工具中很少出现，这些工具通常仅能检测并自动纠正错误。我们引入了SPIRE（拼写探究引擎），这是一个将这种探究式教学法融入写作过程的拼写检查系统。SPIRE实现了教学程序合成，这是一种将拼写教学中固有的动态教学法操作化的新方法。SPIRE使用领域特定语言表示SLP的教学步骤，根据学习者的错误实时合成定制化程序，并将其呈现为交互式界面以进行探究式干预。借助SPIRE，拼写错误成为探索词义、单词结构、词形家族、词源以及字形-音素对应关系的机会，在纠正的同时支持元语言推理。与SLPs和学习者的评估表明，该系统符合专业实践，并具备融入写作工作流程的潜力。