Artificial intelligence (AI) products can be trained to recognize tuberculosis (TB)-related abnormalities on chest radiographs. Various AI products are available commercially, yet there is lack of evidence on how their performance compared with each other and with radiologists. We evaluated five AI software products for screening and triaging TB using a large dataset that had not been used to train any commercial AI products. Individuals (>=15 years old) presenting to three TB screening centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were recruited consecutively. All CXR were read independently by a group of three Bangladeshi registered radiologists and five commercial AI products: CAD4TB (v7), InferReadDR (v2), Lunit INSIGHT CXR (v4.9.0), JF CXR-1 (v2), and qXR (v3). All five AI products significantly outperformed the Bangladeshi radiologists. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve are qXR: 90.81% (95% CI:90.33-91.29%), CAD4TB: 90.34% (95% CI:89.81-90.87), Lunit INSIGHT CXR: 88.61% (95% CI:88.03%-89.20%), InferReadDR: 84.90% (95% CI: 84.27-85.54%) and JF CXR-1: 84.89% (95% CI:84.26-85.53%). Only qXR met the TPP with 74.3% specificity at 90% sensitivity. Five AI algorithms can reduce the number of Xpert tests required by 50%, while maintaining a sensitivity above 90%. All AI algorithms performed worse among the older age and people with prior TB history. AI products can be highly accurate and useful screening and triage tools for TB detection in high burden regions and outperform human readers.

翻译：人工智能(AI)产品可以被培训,以在胸腔射电仪上识别结核病(TB)相关异常。各种人工智能产品都可以在商业上获得,但缺乏证据证明它们与其他产品和放射师的相对性能。我们用一个大型数据集对五种AI软件产品进行了评估,用于筛选和三角结核病,该数据集没有用于培训任何商业的人工智能产品。向孟加拉国达卡的三个结核病检测中心展示的个人(15岁)是连续招聘的。所有CXR都由3个孟加拉国注册的放射学家和5个商业AI产品(CAD4TT)(v7)、InferReadDR(v2)、INSight CXR(v4.9.0)、JF CX-1(v2)和qX(v.3)。所有5种AI软件产品都大大超过孟加拉国的放射学家。接收器运行特征曲线下的地区可以达到 QXR: 90.81% (95% C.R.90.33-91.299%), CADTB:90.