Nowadays, most business and social interactions have moved to the internet, highlighting the relevance of creating online trust. One way to obtain a measure of trust is through reputation mechanisms, which record one's past performance and interactions to generate a reputational value. We observe that numerous existing reputation mechanisms share similarities with actual social phenomena; we call such mechanisms 'social reputation mechanisms'. The aim of this paper is to discuss several social phenomena and map these to existing social reputation mechanisms in a variety of scopes. First, we focus on reputation mechanisms in the individual scope, in which everyone is responsible for their own reputation. Subjective reputational values may be communicated to different entities in the form of recommendations. Secondly, we discuss social reputation mechanisms in the acquaintances scope, where one's reputation can be tied to another through vouching or invite-only networks. Finally, we present existing social reputation mechanisms in the neighbourhood scope. In such systems, one's reputation can heavily be affected by the behaviour of others in their neighbourhood or social group.

翻译：目前,大多数商业和社会互动已经转向互联网,突出了建立在线信任的相关性。获得某种程度信任的途径之一是名声机制,记录个人过去的业绩和互动,以产生声望价值。我们看到,许多现有的名声机制与实际社会现象有相似之处;我们称这种机制为“社会声望机制 ” 。本文的目的是讨论一些社会现象,并将这些现象与现有的社会声望机制在各种不同范围内进行测绘。首先,我们侧重于个人名声机制,其中每个人都对自己的名声负责。主观的名声价值观可以建议的形式传达给不同的实体。第二,我们讨论熟人范围的社会名声机制,其中一个人的名声可以通过旁听或只受邀请的网络与他人相连接。最后,我们介绍邻里或社会群体中现有的社会名声机制。在这种系统中,一个人的名声可能受到其他人的行为的严重影响。