Evaluating artificial systems for signs of consciousness is increasingly becoming a pressing concern, and a rigorous psychometric measurement framework may be of crucial importance in evaluating large language models in this regard. Most prominent theories of consciousness, both scientific and metaphysical, argue for different kinds of information coupling as a necessary component of human-like consciousness. By comparing information coupling in human and animal brains, human cognitive development, emergent abilities, and mental representation development to analogous phenomena in large language models, I argue that psychometric measures of intelligence, such as the g-factor or IQ, indirectly approximate the extent of conscious experience. Based on a broader source of both scientific and metaphysical theories of consciousness, I argue that all systems possess a degree of consciousness ascertainable psychometrically and that psychometric measures of intelligence may be used to gauge relative similarities of conscious experiences across disparate systems, be they artificial or human.

翻译：评估人工智能系统是否具备意识迹象正日益成为紧迫问题，而严谨的心理测量框架对于评估大型语言模型在此方面的表现可能至关重要。无论是科学还是形而上学领域，大多数著名的意识理论都主张将不同类型的信息耦合视为类人意识的必要组成部分。通过比较人类和动物大脑中的信息耦合、人类认知发展、涌现能力以及心理表征发展，与大型语言模型中类似现象进行对照，我认为心理测量学上的智能指标（如g因子或智商）能够间接近似反映意识体验的程度。基于更广泛来源的科学与形而上学意识理论，我主张所有系统都拥有某种程度可通过心理测量评估的意识，并且心理测量的智能指标可用于衡量不同系统（无论是人工系统还是人类）之间意识体验的相对相似性。