In the face of rising global demand for audio/video meetings, managing traffic across geographically distributed (geo-distributed) data centers presents a significant challenge due to the dynamic and limited nature of inter-DC network performance. Facing these issues, this paper introduces two novel techniques, VCRoute and WMJitter, to optimize the performance of geo-distributed video conferencing systems. VCRoute is a routing method designed for video conferencing data packets. It treats the routing problem as a Multi-Armed Bandit issue, and utilizes a tailored Thompson Sampling algorithm for resolution. Unlike traditional approaches, VCRoute uses predicted end-to-end latency as the routing selection reward for each packet, enabling effective and timely end-to-end latency optimization. In conjunction with VCRoute, we present WMJitter, a watermark-based mechanism for managing network jitter. Leveraging a window-based statistic method, WMJitter enables real-time network jitter estimation, leading to significant reductions in end-to-end delay and an improved balance between latency and loss rate. Evaluations based on real geo-distributed network performance demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of VCRoute and WMJitter, offering robust solutions for optimizing video conferencing systems in geo-distributed settings.

翻译：面对全球音视频会议需求的持续增长，由于跨数据中心网络性能的动态性和有限性，管理在地理分布式数据中心之间传输的流量带来了重大挑战。为应对这些问题，本文提出了两种新颖技术——VCRoute和WMJitter，用于优化地理分布式视频会议系统的性能。VCRoute是一种专为视频会议数据包设计的路由方法，它将路由问题视为多臂老虎机问题，并采用定制的汤普森采样算法进行求解。与传统方法不同，VCRoute将预测的端到端延迟作为每个数据包的路由选择奖励，从而实现对端到端延迟的有效和及时优化。与VCRoute相结合，我们提出了WMJitter，一种基于水印机制的网络抖动管理方法。通过利用基于窗口的统计方法，WMJitter能够实时估计网络抖动，显著降低端到端延迟，并改善延迟与丢包率之间的平衡。基于真实地理分布式网络性能的评估验证了VCRoute和WMJitter的有效性和可扩展性，为优化地理分布式环境中的视频会议系统提供了稳健的解决方案。