The massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (mMIMO) concept has been recently moving forward to extreme scales to address the envisioned requirements of next generation networks. However, the extension of conventional architectures will result in significant cost and power consumption. To this end, metasurface-based transceivers, consisting of microstrips of metamaterials, have recently emerged as an efficient enabler of extreme mMIMO systems. In this paper, we consider metasurface-based receivers with a $1$-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) per microstrip and develop an analytical framework for the optimization of the analog and digital combining matrices. Our numerical results, including comparisons with fully digital, infinite-resolution MIMO, provide useful insights into the role of various system parameters.

翻译：大规模多输入多输出（mMIMO）概念近年来已向极端尺度发展，以满足下一代网络的预期需求。然而，传统架构的扩展将导致显著的成本和功耗增加。为此，由超材料微带构成的超表面收发机近期被提出，作为实现极端大规模MIMO系统的高效方案。本文研究每根微带配置1位数模转换器（ADC）的超表面接收机，并建立模拟与数字合并矩阵优化的分析框架。通过数值结果（包括与全数字无限分辨率MIMO系统的对比），本文深入揭示了多种系统参数的作用机理。