Quantum computers represent a transformative frontier in computational technology, promising exponential speedups beyond classical computing limits. IBM Quantum has led significant advancements in both hardware and software, providing access to quantum hardware via IBM Cloud since 2016, achieving a milestone with the world's first accessible quantum computer. This article explores IBM's quantum computing journey, focusing on the development of practical quantum computers. We summarize the evolution and advancements of IBM Quantum's processors across generations, including their recent breakthrough surpassing the 1,000-qubit barrier. The paper reviews detailed performance metrics across various hardware, tracing their evolution over time and highlighting IBM Quantum's transition from the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing era towards fault-tolerant quantum computing capabilities.

翻译：量子计算机代表了计算技术领域的变革性前沿，有望实现超越经典计算极限的指数级加速。IBM Quantum在硬件和软件方面均取得了重大进展，自2016年起通过IBM Cloud提供量子硬件访问，并以全球首台可访问量子计算机实现了里程碑突破。本文系统梳理IBM量子计算的发展历程，聚焦实用化量子计算机的研发路径。我们总结了IBM Quantum处理器跨代次的演进脉络与技术突破，包括其近期突破千量子比特壁垒的重要进展。本文通过详尽的性能指标评估各类硬件表现，追溯其随时间演进的技术轨迹，并重点阐释IBM Quantum从含噪声中等规模量子（NISQ）计算时代向容错量子计算能力转型的战略路径。