With global demand for animal products projected to increase significantly by 2050, understanding the factors that influence the adoption of smart livestock technologies has become increasingly crucial. Conducted within the unique agricultural context of Japan, our study builds upon traditional theoretical frameworks that often oversimplify farmers' decision-making processes. By employing a scoping review, expert interviews, and a Modified Grounded Theory Approach, our research uncovers the intricate interplay between individual farmer values, farm management policies, social relations, agricultural policies, and livestock industry trends. We particularly highlight the unique dynamics within family-owned businesses, noting the tension between an "advanced management mindset" and "conservatism." Our study underscores technology adoption's sequential and iterative nature, intricately tied to technology availability, farmers' digital literacy, technology implementation support, and observable technology impacts on animal health and productivity. Despite certain limitations, our findings carry profound implications for stakeholders, providing valuable insights to overcome adoption barriers and advocating for more sustainable, efficient, and animal welfare-oriented livestock production systems. This research establishes a solid foundation for future explorations into smart livestock technology adoption.

翻译：随着全球对畜产品需求预计在2050年前显著增长，理解影响智能畜牧技术采纳的关键因素变得日益重要。本研究立足日本特有的农业背景，突破传统理论框架对农民决策过程的简单化解读，通过采用范围综述、专家访谈及改良版扎根理论方法，揭示了农户个体价值观、牧场管理政策、社会关系网络、农业政策导向及畜牧业发展趋势之间的复杂交互作用。我们特别聚焦家族式经营中的独特动态，注意到"先进管理理念"与"保守主义"之间的张力。研究表明，技术采纳具有序贯性和迭代性特征，与设备可用性、农民数字素养、技术实施支持力度，以及技术对动物健康和生产力的可见影响密切相关。尽管存在一定局限性，本研究对利益相关方具有深远意义：既为突破采纳障碍提供了重要启示，也倡导建立更可持续、高效且注重动物福利的畜牧生产体系。该研究为后续探索智能畜牧技术采纳问题奠定了坚实基础。