The upcoming 6G technology is expected to operate in near-field (NF) radiating conditions thanks to high-frequency and electrically large antenna arrays. While several studies have already addressed this possibility, it is worth noting that NF models introduce heightened complexity, the justification for which is not always evident in terms of performance improvements. Therefore, this paper delves into the implications of the disparity between NF and far-field (FF) models concerning communication, localization, and sensing systems. Such disparity might lead to a degradation of performance metrics like localization accuracy, sensing reliability, and communication efficiency. Through an exploration of the effects arising from the mismatches between NF and FF models, this study seeks to illuminate the challenges confronting system designers and offer valuable insights into the balance between model accuracy, which typically requires a high complexity and achievable performance. To substantiate our perspective, we also incorporate a numerical performance assessment confirming the repercussions of the mismatch between NF and FF models.

翻译：即将到来的6G技术预计将在近场辐射条件下运行，这得益于高频和大电尺寸天线阵列。尽管已有若干研究探讨了这一可能性，但值得注意的是，近场模型引入了更高的复杂度，而其在性能提升方面的合理性并不总是显而易见。因此，本文深入探讨了近场与远场模型之间的差异对通信、定位和感知系统的影响。这种差异可能导致定位精度、感知可靠性和通信效率等性能指标的下降。通过探究近场与远场模型失配所产生的影响，本研究旨在揭示系统设计师面临的挑战，并为模型精度（通常需要高复杂度）与可实现性能之间的平衡提供有价值的见解。为佐证我们的观点，我们还纳入了数值性能评估，以确认近场与远场模型失配所带来的影响。