Despite the growing demand for professional graphic design knowledge, the tacit nature of design inhibits knowledge sharing. However, there is a limited understanding on the characteristics and instances of tacit knowledge in graphic design. In this work, we build a comprehensive set of tacit knowledge characteristics through a literature review. Through interviews with 10 professional graphic designers, we collected 123 tacit knowledge instances and labeled their characteristics. By qualitatively coding the instances, we identified the prominent elements, actions, and purposes of tacit knowledge. To identify which instances have been addressed the least, we conducted a systematic literature review of prior system support to graphic design. By understanding the reasons for the lack of support on these instances based on their characteristics, we propose design guidelines for capturing and applying tacit knowledge in design tools. This work takes a step towards understanding tacit knowledge, and how this knowledge can be communicated.

翻译：[ABSTRACT] 尽管对专业图形设计知识的需求日益增长，但设计知识的隐性特质阻碍了知识共享。然而，目前对图形设计中隐性知识的特征和实例仍缺乏深入理解。本研究通过文献综述构建了一套全面的隐性知识特征体系。通过对10位专业图形设计师的访谈，我们收集了123个隐性知识实例并标注其特征。通过对实例进行定性编码，我们识别出隐性知识的关键要素、作用对象与目的。为确定最缺乏支持的实例，我们系统梳理了现有图形设计系统支持的相关文献。在理解这些实例因其特征而缺乏支持的原因基础上，我们提出了在设计工具中捕获与应用隐性知识的设计指南。本研究旨在深化对隐性知识的理解，并探索其可传播的途径。