Enabling communications in the (sub-)THz band will call for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays at either the transmit- or receive-side, or at both. To scale down the complexity and power consumption when operating across massive frequency and antenna dimensions, a sacrifice in the resolution of the digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital converters (DACs/ADCs) will be inevitable. In this paper, we analyze the extreme scenario where both the transmit- and receive-side are equipped with fully digital massive MIMO arrays and 1-bit DACs/ADCs, which leads to a system with minimum radio-frequency complexity, cost, and power consumption. Building upon the Bussgang decomposition, we derive a tractable approximation of the mean squared error (MSE) between the transmitted data symbols and their soft estimates. Numerical results show that, despite its simplicity, a doubly 1-bit quantized massive MIMO system with very large antenna arrays can deliver an impressive performance in terms of MSE and symbol error rate.

翻译：（亚）太赫兹频段通信的实现将要求在发射端、接收端或两端都配备大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）阵列。为降低在跨越大频率和大天线维度运行时的复杂度和功耗，数模/模数转换器（DAC/ADC）分辨率的牺牲将不可避免。本文分析了发射端和接收端均配备全数字大规模MIMO阵列及1比特DAC/ADC的极端场景，该场景实现了最低的射频复杂度、成本和功耗。基于Bussgang分解，我们推导了传输数据符号与其软估计之间均方误差（MSE）的可处理近似表达式。数值结果表明，尽管结构简单，但配备超大天线阵列的双1比特量化大规模MIMO系统在MSE和符号错误率方面仍可展现出令人瞩目的性能。