The accurate evaluation of the quality of driving behavior is crucial for optimizing and implementing autonomous driving technology in practice. However, there is no comprehensive understanding of good driving behaviors currently. In this paper, we sought to understand driving behaviors from the perspectives of both drivers and passengers. We invited 10 expert drivers and 14 novice drivers to complete a 5.7-kilometer urban road driving task. After the experiments, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 drivers and 48 of their passengers (two passengers per driver). Through the analysis of interview data, we found passengers' assessing logic of driving behaviors, divers' considerations and efforts to achieve good driving, and gaps between these perspectives. Our research provided insights into a systematic evaluation of autonomous driving and the design implications for future autonomous vehicles.

翻译：驾驶行为质量的准确评估对自动驾驶技术的优化与实际部署至关重要。然而，当前学界对良好驾驶行为尚未形成系统性认知。本研究从驾驶员与乘客双重视角出发，探究驾驶行为特征。我们邀请10名专业驾驶员与14名新手驾驶员完成5.7公里城市道路驾驶任务，随后对24名驾驶员及其各自搭载的2名乘客（共48名乘客）进行半结构化访谈。通过对访谈数据的分析，我们揭示了乘客对驾驶行为的评估逻辑、驾驶员实现优质驾驶的考量与努力，以及这两种视角之间的认知差异。本研究为自动驾驶系统的系统化评估提供了理论依据，并为未来自动驾驶汽车的设计提供了启示。