The predominant centralized paradigm in educational data management currently suffers from several critical issues such as vulnerability to malicious tampering, a high prevalence of diploma counterfeiting, and the onerous cost of certificate authentication. Decentralized blockchain technology, with its cutting-edge capabilities, presents a viable solution to these pervasive problems. In this paper, we illuminate the inherent limitations of existing centralized systems and introduce EduChain, a novel heterogeneous blockchain-based system for managing educational data. EduChain uniquely harnesses the strengths of both private and consortium blockchains, offering an unprecedented level of security and efficiency. In addition, we propose a robust mechanism for performing database consistency checks and error tracing. This is achieved through the implementation of a secondary consensus, employing the pt-table-checksum tool. This approach effectively addresses the prevalent issue of database mismatches. Our system demonstrates superior performance in key areas such as information verification, error traceback, and data security, thereby significantly improving the integrity and trustworthiness of educational data management. Through EduChain, we offer a powerful solution for future advancements in secure and efficient educational data management.

翻译：当前中心化的教育数据管理模式存在诸多关键问题，如易受恶意篡改、文凭伪造现象普遍以及证书认证成本高昂。具有前沿能力的去中心化区块链技术为这些普遍问题提供了可行解决方案。本文揭示了现有中心化系统的固有局限性，并提出了一种新型异构区块链系统EduChain，用于管理教育数据。EduChain独特地融合了私有链和联盟链的优势，实现了前所未有的安全性与效率。此外，我们提出了一种用于执行数据库一致性检查与错误追溯的稳健机制。该机制通过采用pt-table-checksum工具实施二级共识实现，有效解决了数据库不匹配这一常见问题。我们的系统在信息验证、错误溯源及数据安全等关键领域展现出卓越性能，从而显著提升了教育数据管理的完整性与可信度。通过EduChain，我们为未来安全高效的教育数据管理提供了强有力的解决方案。