With the increasing maturity and scale of quantum hardware and its integration into HPC systems, there is a need to develop robust techniques for developing, characterizing, and benchmarking quantum-HPC applications and middleware systems. This requires a better understanding of interaction, coupling, and common execution patterns between quantum and classical workload tasks and components. This paper identifies six quantum-HPC execution motifs - recurring execution patterns characterized by distinct coupling and interaction modes. These motifs provide the basis for a suite of quantum mini-apps - simplified application prototypes that encapsulate essential characteristics of production systems. To support these developments, we introduce a mini-app framework that offers the necessary abstractions for creating and executing mini-apps across heterogeneous quantum-HPC infrastructure, making it a valuable tool for performance characterizations and middleware development.

翻译：随着量子硬件日趋成熟和规模化，并逐步集成到HPC系统中，亟需开发稳健的技术来构建、表征和基准测试量子-HPC应用及中间件系统。这需要更深入地理解量子与经典工作负载任务及组件之间的交互、耦合和常见执行模式。本文识别了六种量子-HPC执行模式——这些重复出现的执行模式由不同的耦合与交互方式所界定。这些模式为一系列量子迷你应用（即封装了生产系统核心特征的简化应用原型）提供了基础。为支持这些开发工作，我们引入了一个迷你应用框架，该框架提供了在异构量子-HPC基础设施上创建和执行迷你应用所需的抽象层，使其成为性能表征和中间件开发的有效工具。