The Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Facility Management (AEC/FM) industry deals with the design, construction, and operation of complex buildings. Today, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is used to represent information about a building in a single, non-redundant representation. Here, Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) can improve the visualization and interaction with the resulting model by augmenting the real world with information from the BIM model or allowing a user to immerse in a virtual world generated from the BIM model. This can improve the design, construction, and operation of buildings. While an increasing number of studies in HCI, construction, or engineering have shown the potential of using AR and VR technology together with BIM, often research remains focused on individual explorations and key design strategies. In addition to that, a systematic overview and discussion of recent works combining AR/VR with BIM are not yet fully covered. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews recent approaches combining AR/VR with BIM and categorizes the literature by the building's lifecycle phase while systematically describing relevant use cases. In total, 32 out of 447 papers between 2017 and 2022 were categorized. The categorization shows that most approaches focus on the construction phase and the use case of review and quality assurance. In the design phase, most approaches use VR, while in the construction and operation phases, AR is prevalent.

翻译：建筑、工程、施工及设施管理（AEC/FM）行业涉及复杂建筑的设计、建造与运维。当前，建筑信息模型（BIM）被用于以单一无冗余形式呈现建筑信息。增强现实（AR）与虚拟现实（VR）技术可通过将BIM模型信息叠加至现实世界，或使用户沉浸于BIM模型生成的虚拟环境中，提升对模型的交互与可视化能力，从而优化建筑的设计、施工与运维流程。尽管人机交互、建筑与工程领域的相关研究日益表明AR/VR技术结合BIM的应用潜力，但目前多数研究仍聚焦于单项探索与关键设计策略，且缺乏对近年AR/VR与BIM融合研究的系统性梳理与讨论。为此，本文系统综述了2017至2022年间447篇文献中筛选出的32项代表性方法，依据建筑生命周期阶段进行分类，并系统描述了相关应用场景。分类结果表明：当前多数研究聚焦于施工阶段以及审查与质量保障场景；在设计阶段，VR应用更为普遍；而在施工与运维阶段，AR技术占据主导地位。