An increasing number of scientific experiments support the view of perception as Bayesian inference, which is rooted in Helmholtz's view of perception as unconscious inference. Recent study of logic presents a view of logical reasoning as Bayesian inference. In this paper, we give a simple probabilistic model that is applicable to both perceptual reasoning and logical reasoning. We show that the model unifies the two essential processes common in perceptual and logical systems: on the one hand, the process by which perceptual and logical knowledge is derived from another knowledge, and on the other hand, the process by which such knowledge is derived from data. We fully characterise the model in terms of logical consequence relations.

翻译：越来越多的科学实验支持将感知视为贝叶斯推断的观点，这一观点根植于亥姆霍兹将感知视为无意识推断的见解。近期逻辑学研究则提出了将逻辑推理视为贝叶斯推断的观点。本文提出一个适用于感知推理与逻辑推理的简单概率模型。我们证明该模型统一了感知系统与逻辑系统中两个共同的核心过程：其一是从既有知识推导出感知与逻辑知识的过程，其二是从数据推导出此类知识的过程。我们通过逻辑后承关系对该模型进行了完整刻画。