The increased capabilities of generative AI have dramatically expanded its possible use cases in medicine. We provide a comprehensive overview of generative AI use cases for clinicians, patients, clinical trial organizers, researchers, and trainees. We then discuss the many challenges -- including maintaining privacy and security, improving transparency and interpretability, upholding equity, and rigorously evaluating models -- which must be overcome to realize this potential, and the open research directions they give rise to.

翻译：生成式人工智能能力的增强极大地拓展了其在医学领域的潜在应用场景。本文为临床医生、患者、临床试验组织者、研究人员及受训人员提供了生成式人工智能应用场景的全面概述。随后，我们探讨了实现这一潜力必须克服的诸多挑战——包括维护隐私与安全、提升透明度与可解释性、保障公平性以及严格评估模型——以及这些挑战所催生的开放研究方向。