This groundbreaking study explores the expanse of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) across varied domains ranging from technology, finance, healthcare to education. Despite their established prowess in Natural Language Processing (NLP), these LLMs have not been systematically examined for their impact on domains such as fitness, and holistic well-being, urban planning, climate modelling as well as disaster management. This review paper, in addition to furnishing a comprehensive analysis of the vast expanse and extent of LLMs' utility in diverse domains, recognizes the research gaps and realms where the potential of LLMs is yet to be harnessed. This study uncovers innovative ways in which LLMs can leave a mark in the fields like fitness and wellbeing, urban planning, climate modelling and disaster response which could inspire future researches and applications in the said avenues.

翻译：这项开创性研究探讨了大型语言模型（LLMs），如生成式预训练Transformer（GPT）和Transformer双向编码器表示（BERT），在技术、金融、医疗保健到教育等各个领域的应用范围。尽管这些LLMs在自然语言处理（NLP）领域已展现出公认的卓越能力，但其对健身与整体健康、城市规划、气候建模以及灾害管理等领域的影响尚未得到系统性的研究。本综述论文除了对LLMs在不同领域的广泛应用范围进行综合分析外，还指出了研究空白以及LLMs潜力尚未被挖掘的领域。本研究揭示了LLMs能够在健身与健康、城市规划、气候建模和灾害响应等领域留下印记的创新方式，这将激发未来在上述领域的研究与应用。