Advancements in wireless communication and the increased accessibility to low-cost sensing and data processing IoT technologies have increased the research and development of urban monitoring systems. Most smart city research projects rely on deploying proprietary IoT testbeds for indoor and outdoor data collection. Such testbeds typically rely on a three-tier architecture composed of the Endpoint, the Edge, and the Cloud. Managing the system's operation whilst considering the security and privacy challenges that emerge, such as data privacy controls, network security, and security updates on the devices, is challenging. This work presents a systematic study of the challenges of developing, deploying and managing urban monitoring testbeds, as experienced in a series of urban monitoring research projects, followed by an analysis of the relevant literature. By identifying the challenges in the various projects and organising them under the V-model development lifecycle levels, we provide a reference guide for future projects. Understanding the challenges early on will facilitate current and future smart-cities IoT research projects to reduce implementation time and deliver secure and resilient testbeds.

翻译：无线通信技术的进步以及低成本传感与数据处理物联网技术的普及，推动了城市监测系统的研发进程。大多数智慧城市研究项目依赖于部署专有物联网测试平台，用于室内外数据采集。此类测试平台通常采用由端点层、边缘层和云层组成的三层架构。在系统运行管理中，需要应对数据隐私管控、网络安全防护及设备安全更新等安全与隐私挑战。本文基于一系列城市监测研究项目的实践经验，对城市监测测试平台的开发、部署与管理挑战开展系统性研究，并结合相关文献进行分析。通过识别不同项目中的挑战，并按V模型开发生命周期层级进行分类整理，为未来项目提供参考指南。及早理解这些挑战，将有助于现有及未来的智慧城市物联网研究项目缩短实施周期，并构建安全可靠的测试平台。