We present a comprehensive adoption snapshot of the leading open language models and who is building them, focusing on the ~1.5K mainline open models from the likes of Alibaba's Qwen, DeepSeek, Meta's Llama, that are the foundation of an ecosystem crucial to researchers, entrepreneurs, and policy advisors. We document a clear trend where Chinese models overtook their counterparts built in the U.S. in the summer of 2025 and subsequently widened the gap over their western counterparts. We study a mix of Hugging Face downloads and model derivatives, inference market share, performance metrics and more to make a comprehensive picture of the ecosystem.

翻译：我们呈现了主流开源语言模型及其构建者的全面采用现状，聚焦于阿里巴巴Qwen、DeepSeek、Meta Llama等约1500个主流通用模型——这些模型构成了对研究人员、企业家和政策顾问至关重要的生态系统基础。我们记录了一个清晰趋势：2025年夏季，中国模型超越其美国同行，随后进一步拉大与西方同类模型的差距。通过综合分析Hugging Face下载量与模型衍生版本、推理市场份额、性能指标等多维度数据，我们绘制出该生态系统的全景图。