Since its inception in the 1960s, the internet has profoundly transformed human life. However, its original design now struggles to meet the evolving demands of modern society. Three primary defects have emerged: First, the concentration of power among a few dominant entities has intensified international conflicts and widened the technological divide. Second, the Internet Protocol (IP)-based system lacks inherent security, leading to frequent global cybersecurity incidents. Third, the rigidity of the IP protocol has hindered the sustainable development of cyberspace, as it resists necessary adaptations and innovations. Addressing these issues is crucial for the future resilience and security of the global digital landscape. To address these challenges, we propose the Co-governed Multi-Identifier Network (CoG-MIN briefly as MIN), a novel network architecture that leverages blockchain technology to ensure equal participation of countries worldwide in cyberspace governance and the rule of law. As a next-generation network system, CoG-MIN integrates mechanisms such as user authentication, data signatures, and encryption to significantly enhance network security. In testing environments, CoG-MIN has consistently withstood extensive attacks during various international cybersecurity competitions. Additionally, CoG-MIN supports the evolution and interoperability of different identifier systems, remains IP-compatible, and facilitates a gradual transition away from IP, providing an adaptable ecosystem for diverse network architectures. This adaptability fosters the development and evolution of diverse network architectures within CoG-MIN, making it a natural progression for the internet's future development. We further introduce a trilogy of cyberspace security theorems... (Due to character limitations, the full abstract is available in the paper PDF.)

翻译：自20世纪60年代诞生以来，互联网已深刻改变了人类生活。然而，其原始设计如今已难以满足现代社会的演进需求。三大主要缺陷已经显现：首先，权力集中于少数主导实体，加剧了国际冲突并扩大了技术鸿沟。其次，基于互联网协议（IP）的体系缺乏内在安全性，导致全球网络安全事件频发。第三，IP协议的僵化性阻碍了网络空间的可持续发展，因其抗拒必要的适应与创新。解决这些问题对于全球数字未来的韧性与安全至关重要。为应对这些挑战，我们提出了共治多标识网络（CoG-MIN，简称MIN），这是一种利用区块链技术确保全球各国平等参与网络空间治理与法治的新型网络架构。作为下一代网络系统，CoG-MIN集成了用户身份认证、数据签名与加密等机制，以显著增强网络安全性。在测试环境中，CoG-MIN已在多项国际网络安全竞赛中持续抵御了大规模攻击。此外，CoG-MIN支持不同标识系统的演进与互操作，保持与IP的兼容性，并促进逐步脱离IP的过渡，为多样化的网络架构提供了一个适应性强的生态系统。这种适应性促进了CoG-MIN内多样化网络架构的发展与演进，使其成为互联网未来发展的自然演进方向。我们进一步提出了网络空间安全的三部曲定理……（因篇幅限制，完整摘要请参见论文PDF。）