Intellectual humility (IH)-a recognition of one's own intellectual limitations-can reduce polarization and foster more understanding across lines of difference. Yet little work explores how IH can be systematically defined, measured, evaluated, and enhanced in spaces that often lack it the most: online political discussions. In this paper, we seek to bridge these gaps by exploring two questions: 1) how might preexisting levels of IH influence future expressions of IH during online political discourse? and 2) can online interventions enhance IH across different political topics and conversational environments? To pursue these questions, we define a codebook characterizing different dimensions of IH and intellectual arrogance (IA) and have researchers use it to annotate several hundred Reddit posts, which we then use to develop and validate a classifier to support IH analysis at scale. These tools subsequently enable two key contributions: i) an observational data analysis of how IH varies across different political discussions on Reddit, which reveals that more/less IH environments tend to contain future posts of a similar nature, and ii) a randomized control trial evaluating strategies for nudging discussion participants to demonstrate more IH in their posts, which reveals the possibility of enhancing IH in online discussions across a range of contentious topics. Our findings highlight the possibility of measuring and increasing IH online without necessarily reducing engagement.

翻译：知识谦逊（IH）——即承认自身知识局限性——能够减少极化现象，促进对差异的理解。然而，鲜有研究系统性地定义、测量、评估和提升这一在线上政治讨论中最为缺失的品质。本文旨在填补这一空白，探索两个问题：1）既有的知识谦逊水平如何影响在线政治讨论中未来知识谦逊的表达？2）在线干预能否在不同政治话题和对话环境中增强知识谦逊？为探究这些问题，我们定义了编码手册以刻画知识谦逊和知识傲慢（IA）的不同维度，并由研究者标注数百条Reddit帖子，据此开发并验证了支持大规模知识谦逊分析的分类器。这些工具进一步促成了两项关键贡献：i）一项观察性数据分析，揭示知识谦逊在Reddit不同政治讨论中的差异性，表明高/低知识谦逊环境更可能催生相似性质的未来帖子；ii）一项随机对照实验，评估引导讨论参与者在帖子中展现更多知识谦逊的策略，表明在线上讨论中提升知识谦逊的可能性，涉及一系列争议性话题。研究结果突显了在不降低参与度的情况下测量和增强在线知识谦逊的可行性。