Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) learners face unique challenges in video-based learning due to the complex interplay between visual and auditory information in videos. Traditional approaches to making video content accessible primarily focus on captioning, but these solutions often neglect the cognitive demands of processing both visual and textual information simultaneously. This paper introduces a set of \textit{Motion} design guidelines, aimed at mitigating these cognitive challenges and improving video learning experiences for DHH learners. Through a two-phase research, we identified five key challenges, including misaligned content and visual overload. We proposed five design principles accordingly. User study with 16 DHH participants showed that improving visual-audio relevance and guiding visual attention significantly enhances the learning experience by reducing physical demand, alleviating temporal pressure, and improving learning satisfaction. Our findings highlight the potential of Motion design to transform educational content for DHH learners, and we discuss implications for inclusive video learning tools.

翻译：听障学习者在视频学习中面临独特挑战，这源于视频中视觉与听觉信息复杂的交互作用。传统视频内容无障碍化方法主要聚焦于字幕生成，但这些解决方案往往忽视了同时处理视觉与文本信息的认知负荷。本文提出一套《动效》设计准则，旨在缓解这些认知挑战并改善听障学习者的视频学习体验。通过两阶段研究，我们识别出包括内容错位和视觉过载在内的五项关键挑战，并据此提出五项设计原则。对16位听障参与者开展的用户研究表明，提升视听关联度与引导视觉注意力能显著改善学习体验，具体表现为降低生理负荷、缓解时间压力并提升学习满意度。我们的研究结果凸显了动效设计在改造听障学习者教育内容方面的潜力，并就包容性视频学习工具的设计启示展开讨论。