In recent years, low-carbon transportation has become an indispensable part as sustainable development strategies of various countries, and plays a very important responsibility in promoting low-carbon cities. However, the security of low-carbon transportation has been threatened from various ways. For example, denial of service attacks pose a great threat to the electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid networks. To minimize these threats, several methods have been proposed to defense against them. Yet, these methods are only for certain types of scenarios or attacks. Therefore, this review addresses security aspect from holistic view, provides the overview, challenges and future directions of cyber security technologies in low-carbon transportation. Firstly, based on the concept and importance of low-carbon transportation, this review positions the low-carbon transportation services. Then, with the perspective of network architecture and communication mode, this review classifies its typical attack risks. The corresponding defense technologies and relevant security suggestions are further reviewed from perspective of data security, network management security and network application security. Finally, in view of the long term development of low-carbon transportation, future research directions have been concerned.

翻译：近年来，低碳交通已成为各国可持续发展战略中不可或缺的组成部分，并在推动低碳城市建设中承担着至关重要的责任。然而，低碳交通的安全性正遭受多种形式的威胁。例如，拒绝服务攻击对电动汽车及车网互联网络构成了巨大威胁。为最大程度降低这些威胁，研究者已提出多种防御方法。然而，这些方法仅适用于特定类型的场景或攻击。因此，本综述从全局视角审视安全问题，概述低碳交通中网络安全技术的现状、挑战与未来方向。首先，基于低碳交通的概念与重要性，本文界定了低碳交通服务的内涵。随后，从网络架构与通信模式的角度，对典型攻击风险进行了分类。继而从数据安全、网络管理安全与网络应用安全的视角，回顾了相应的防御技术与相关安全建议。最后，着眼于低碳交通的长期发展，探讨了未来的研究方向。