In this paper, we consider traffic offloading of integrated low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-terrestrial network. We first derive traffic offloading probability from the terrestrial network to the LEO satellite network based on the instantaneous radio signal strength. Then to overcome limited coverage and also traffic congestion of the terrestrial network, we design an optimal satellite network in which the minimum number of LEO satellites maximizes the traffic offloading probability, while probability of a generic LEO satellite being idle is close to zero. Since the satellite network is optimized regarding the intensities of the base stations (BSs) and the users, it can control the terrestrial traffic. Numerical results show that an appropriate number of LEO satellites overcomes the limited coverage in a region with low intensity of the BSs and also the traffic congestion by controlling the traffic in a region that the intensity of the users increases.

翻译：本文研究了集成低地球轨道（LEO）卫星-地面网络中的流量卸载问题。我们首先基于瞬时无线电信号强度，推导了从地面网络到LEO卫星网络的流量卸载概率。然后，为了克服地面网络的覆盖限制和流量拥塞问题，我们设计了一种最优卫星网络，其中最小数量的LEO卫星能够最大化流量卸载概率，同时使通用LEO卫星处于空闲状态的概率接近于零。由于卫星网络针对基站（BS）和用户的强度进行了优化，因此它可以控制地面流量。数值结果表明，适当数量的LEO卫星能够通过控制流量，在用户强度增加的区域中，克服基站强度较低区域的覆盖限制和流量拥塞问题。