As users shift from interacting actively with devices with screens to interacting seamlessly with smart environments, novel models of user authentication will be needed to maintain the security and privacy of user data. To understand users' attitudes toward new models of authentication (e.g., voice recognition), we surveyed 117 Amazon Turk workers and 43 computer science students about their authentication preferences, in contexts when others are present and different usability metrics. Our users placed less trust in natural authentication modalities (e.g., body gestures) than traditional modalities (e.g., passwords) due to concerns about accuracy or security. Users were also not as willing to use natural authentication modalities except in the presence of people they trust due to risk of exposure and feelings of awkwardness. We discuss the implications for designing natural multimodal authentication and explore the design space around users' current mental models for the future of secure and usable smart technology.

翻译：随着用户从与带屏幕设备的主动交互转向与智能环境的无缝交互，需要新型用户认证模型来维护用户数据的安全与隐私。为了理解用户对新认证模式（如语音识别）的态度，我们调查了117名亚马逊土耳其机器人工作者和43名计算机科学专业学生在他人在场及不同可用性指标下的认证偏好。由于对准确性或安全性的担忧，用户对自然认证方式（如身体姿势）的信任度低于传统方式（如密码）。同时，由于暴露风险和尴尬感，除在信任的人在场时外，用户不愿使用自然认证方式。我们讨论了设计自然多模态认证的启示，并围绕用户当前心智模型探索了安全且可用的智能技术未来设计空间。