With the rapid development of online technologies and the widespread usage of mobile phones among children, it is crucial to protect their online safety. Some studies reported that online abuse and incidents negatively affect children's mental health and development. In this paper, we examine how Android applications (developers) follow the regulations related to children's data protection (e.g., in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)) and children's online safeguarding guidelines. Our findings show that the number of non-compliant apps is still significant. Even the apps designed for children do not always comply with legislation or guidance. This lack of compliance could contribute to creating a path to causing physical or mental harm to children. We then discuss the relevance of automating the compliance verification and online safety risk assessment, including open questions, challenges, and possible approaches and directions.

翻译：随着网络技术的快速发展和儿童群体中手机使用的日益普及，保障其在线安全显得至关重要。已有研究表明，网络侵害事件对儿童心理健康与发展会产生负面影响。本文考察了安卓应用（开发者）如何遵循儿童数据保护相关法规（如《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR））及儿童在线安全指南。研究结果显示，不合规应用的数量仍相当可观，即使专为儿童设计的应用也并非始终符合立法或指导要求。这种合规缺失可能为儿童身心损害创造潜在风险。在此基础上，我们探讨了合规性验证与在线安全风险评估自动化的现实意义，包括其中存在的开放性问题、挑战，以及可能的实现路径与研究方向。