This systematic literature review aims to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labour force in software engineering, with a particular focus on the skills needed for future software engineers, the impact of AI on the demand for software engineering skills, and the future of work for software engineers. The review identified 42 relevant publications through a comprehensive search strategy and analysed their findings. The results indicate that future software engineers will need to be competent in programming and have soft skills such as problem-solving and interpersonal communication. AI will have a significant impact on the software engineering workforce, with the potential to automate many jobs currently done by software engineers. The role of a software engineer is changing and will continue to change in the future, with AI-assisted software development posing challenges for the software engineering profession. The review suggests that the software engineering profession must adapt to the changing landscape to remain relevant and effective in the future.

翻译：本系统文献综述旨在研究人工智能对软件工程领域劳动力市场的影响，重点关注未来软件工程师所需技能、人工智能对软件工程技能需求的影响，以及软件工程师的未来工作形态。通过综合检索策略，本研究筛选出42篇相关文献并对其研究发现进行系统分析。结果表明：未来软件工程师需同时具备编程能力与问题解决、人际沟通等软技能；人工智能将对软件工程劳动力产生重大影响，可能实现当前由软件工程师执行的多个工作流程的自动化；软件工程师的职能角色正在并将持续演变，人工智能辅助软件开发对软件工程职业构成新的挑战。本综述建议，软件工程职业必须适应不断变化的行业格局，以保持其未来相关性与有效性。