The Management Information Systems (MIS) discipline has long grappled with how to theorize the complex, mutually constitutive relationships among people, information technology, and organizational structures. Decades of research have produced influential but fragmented theoretical streams from socio-technical systems theory to technology acceptance models, from adaptive structuration theory to sociomateriality, and each illuminating important facets while leaving integrative questions unresolved. This paper proposes the People - IT - Structuration (PIS) framework as a unifying theoretical lens that synthesizes these streams. Drawing on Giddens' structuration theory, we conceptualize People (P), Information Technology (I), and Structure (S) not as independent variables but as mutually constitutive elements engaged in ongoing structuration processes. We trace the intellectual history of MIS theorizing to demonstrate how PIS resolves persistent tensions in the field,e.g. between technological and social determinism, between variance and process approaches, and between micro-level interaction and macro-level institutional dynamics. We develop a set of formal propositions articulating the mechanisms through which P, I, and S co-evolve, and extend the framework to address contemporary phenomena including artificial intelligence, algorithmic management, and human-AI collaboration. The PIS framework offers both a retrospective lens for understanding the discipline's theoretical evolution and a prospective tool for guiding research in the AI era.

翻译：管理信息系统（MIS）学科长期致力于理论化人员、信息技术与组织结构之间复杂且相互构成的关系。数十年的研究催生了诸多有影响力但碎片化的理论流派——从社会技术系统理论到技术接受模型，从适应性结构化理论到社会物质性——每个流派都揭示了重要方面，但整合性问题悬而未决。本文提出“人-信息技术-结构化”（PIS）框架，作为综合这些流派的理论统一视角。借鉴吉登斯的结构化理论，我们将人（P）、信息技术（I）与结构（S）概念化为持续结构化过程中相互构成的要素，而非独立的变量。我们追溯MIS理论化的思想史，以展示PIS如何解决该领域长期存在的张力（例如：技术决定论与社会决定论之间、方差方法与过程方法之间，以及微观层面互动与宏观层面制度动态之间）。我们提出一系列形式化命题，阐明P、I、S共同演化的机制，并将该框架扩展至当代现象，包括人工智能、算法管理与人类-人工智能协作。PIS框架既为理解学科理论演化提供了回顾性视角，也为指引人工智能时代的研究提供了前瞻性工具。