We provide new analytical results on the uplink data detection in massive multiple-input multiple-output systems with 1-bit analog-to-digital converters. The statistical properties of the soft-estimated symbols (i.e., after linear combining and prior to the data detection process) have been previously characterized only for a single user equipment (UE) and uncorrelated Rayleigh fading. In this paper, we consider a multi-UE setting with correlated Rayleigh fading, where the soft-estimated symbols are obtained by means of maximum ratio combining based on imperfectly estimated channels. We derive a closed-form expression of the expected value of the soft-estimated symbols, which allows to understand the impact of the specific data symbols transmitted by the interfering UEs. Building on this result, we design efficient data detection strategies based on the minimum distance criterion, which are compared in terms of symbol error rate and complexity.

翻译：本文针对采用1比特模数转换器的大规模多输入多输出系统的上行链路数据检测提供了新的分析结果。软估计符号（即线性合并后、数据检测前的符号）的统计特性此前仅针对单个用户设备和不相关瑞利衰落场景进行了刻画。本文考虑具有相关瑞利衰落的多用户场景，其中软估计符号通过基于不完美信道估计的最大比合并获得。我们推导了软估计符号期望值的闭式表达式，该表达式有助于理解干扰用户传输的特定数据符号的影响。基于此结果，我们设计了基于最小距离准则的高效数据检测策略，并在符号误码率和复杂度方面进行了比较。