Pediatric tumors of the central nervous system are the most common cause of cancer-related death in children. The five-year survival rate for high-grade gliomas in children is less than 20\%. Due to their rarity, the diagnosis of these entities is often delayed, their treatment is mainly based on historic treatment concepts, and clinical trials require multi-institutional collaborations. The MICCAI Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) Challenge is a landmark community benchmark event with a successful history of 12 years of resource creation for the segmentation and analysis of adult glioma. Here we present the CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge, which represents the first BraTS challenge focused on pediatric brain tumors with data acquired across multiple international consortia dedicated to pediatric neuro-oncology and clinical trials. The BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge focuses on benchmarking the development of volumentric segmentation algorithms for pediatric brain glioma through standardized quantitative performance evaluation metrics utilized across the BraTS 2023 cluster of challenges. Models gaining knowledge from the BraTS-PEDs multi-parametric structural MRI (mpMRI) training data will be evaluated on separate validation and unseen test mpMRI dataof high-grade pediatric glioma. The CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge brings together clinicians and AI/imaging scientists to lead to faster development of automated segmentation techniques that could benefit clinical trials, and ultimately the care of children with brain tumors.

翻译：儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤是导致儿童癌症相关死亡的最常见原因。儿童高级别胶质瘤的五年生存率低于20%。由于此类肿瘤较为罕见，其诊断常被延误，治疗主要基于历史治疗理念，且临床试验需要多机构协作。MICCAI脑肿瘤分割（BraTS）挑战赛是一项具有里程碑意义的社区基准赛事，已成功举办12年，为成人胶质瘤的分割与分析创建了大量资源。本文介绍CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023挑战赛，这是首个专注于儿童脑肿瘤的BraTS挑战赛，其数据采集自多个致力于儿童神经肿瘤学与临床试验的国际联合研究组织。BraTS-PEDs 2023挑战赛的核心目标是通过BraTS 2023系列挑战赛采用的标准化定量性能评估指标，对儿童脑胶质瘤体积分割算法的开发进行基准测试。利用BraTS-PEDs多参数结构磁共振成像（mpMRI）训练数据获取知识的模型，将在独立的高级别儿童胶质瘤验证集及未见过的测试集mpMRI数据上进行评估。CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023挑战赛汇聚了临床医生与人工智能/影像科学家，旨在加速可惠及临床试验、并最终改善脑肿瘤患儿护理的自动分割技术的研发。