The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a biological pest control technique based on the release into the environment of sterile males of the insect species whose population is to be controlled. The entire SIT process involves mass-rearing within a biofactory, sorting of the specimens by sex, sterilization, and subsequent release of the sterile males into the environment. The reason for avoiding the release of female specimens is because, unlike males, females bite, with the subsequent risk of disease transmission. In the case of Aedes mosquito biofactories for SIT, the key point of the whole process is sex separation. This process is nowadays performed by a combination of mechanical devices and AI-based vision systems. However, there is still a possibility of false negatives, so a last stage of verification is necessary before releasing them into the environment. It is known that the sound produced by the flapping of adult male mosquitoes is different from that produced by females, so this feature can be used to detect the presence of females in containers prior to environmental release. This paper presents a study for the detection of females in Aedes mosquito release vessels for SIT programs. The containers used consist of PVC a tubular design of 8.8cm diameter and 12.5cm height. The containers were placed in an experimental setup that allowed the recording of the sound of mosquito flight inside of them. Each container was filled with 250 specimens considering the cases of (i) only male mosquitoes, (ii) only female mosquitoes, and (iii) 75% males and 25% females. Case (i) was used for training and testing, whereas cases (ii) and (iii) were used only for testing. Two algorithms were implemented for the detection of female mosquitoes: an unsupervised outlier detection algorithm (iForest) and a one-class SVM trained with male-only recordings.

翻译：昆虫不育技术(SIT)是一种生物防治技术，其原理是通过向环境中释放目标种群（需控制其数量的昆虫物种）的雄性不育个体。SIT完整流程包括生物工厂内的大规模饲养、按性别分选、绝育处理，以及后续将不育雄虫释放至自然环境中。避免释放雌性个体的原因在于，雌虫具有叮咬行为并可能传播疾病，而雄虫则不具备这一特性。在针对伊蚊的SIT生物工厂中，性别分离是整个流程的关键环节。目前该流程通过机械装置与人工智能视觉系统的组合实现。然而，仍存在假阴性可能，因此需要在环境释放前增设最后一道验证环节。已知成年雄蚊与雌蚊振翅产生的声音存在差异，故可利用该特征在释放前检测容器中是否存在雌蚊。本文针对SIT项目中伊蚊释放容器内的雌蚊检测展开研究。实验容器采用聚氯乙烯(PVC)管状设计，直径8.8厘米，高12.5厘米。将容器置于实验装置中，可记录容器内蚊虫飞行产生的声音。每个容器分别填充250个标本，设置三种实验条件：(i)全雄蚊组、(ii)全雌蚊组、(iii)75%雄蚊与25%雌蚊混合组。其中第(i)组用于训练与测试，第(ii)组和第(iii)组仅用于测试。研究实现了两种雌蚊检测算法：基于无监督异常检测的孤立森林(iForest)算法，以及利用全雄蚊录音训练的单类支持向量机(One-class SVM)。