The main objective of this work is to study the existence of spatial patterns maximum annual rainfall (through daily observations) within the territory of Uruguay and to show the application of two new statistical tools recently proposed. In the first stage, the distributions of maximum annual precipitation at each meteorological station will be studied. In the second stage, spatial clustering methods will be applied. To get the distribution of the maximum of each station, we have used a truncated Cram\'er-von Mises hypothesis test (the first statistical tool) and showed that it improves on the performance of the classic likelihood ratio test. It was found that in 18 study locations the distribution that best fits the data is of the Gumbel type, and for the other two, it is of the Fr\'echet type. Regarding the clustering methods, two methodologies were used, one of them was to perform clustering with the estimated parameters and the other was the PAM methodology using the F-madogram as distance, highlighting the homogeneity throughout the Uruguayan territory. Another novelty of this work (the second statistical tool) consists in including, as a complement to the clustering, the recently proposed independence test based on recurrence rates.

翻译：这项工作的主要目的是研究乌拉圭境内每年降雨量(每日观测)最大空间模式的存在,并显示最近提出的两种新的统计工具的应用情况。第一阶段,将研究每个气象站每年降雨量的最大分布情况。第二阶段,将采用空间集群方法。为了分配每个气象站的最大降雨量,我们使用了短线的Cram\'er-von Mises假设测试(第一个统计工具),并表明它改善了典型的可能性比率测试的性能。发现在18个研究地点,最符合数据分布的是Gumbel类型,其他两个是Fr\'echet类型。关于分组方法,使用了两种方法,其中一种是按估计参数进行分组,另一种是使用F-madmags作为距离的PAM方法,突出乌拉圭领土全境的同质性。这项工作的另一个新颖之处(第二个统计工具)包括最近提出的基于重复率的独立测试,作为分组的补充。