The use of in-band full-duplex (FD) enables nodes to simultaneously transmit and receive on the same frequency band, which challenges the traditional assumption in wireless network design. The full-duplex capability enhances spectral efficiency and decreases latency, which are two key drivers pushing the performance expectations of next-generation mobile networks. In less than ten years, in-band FD has advanced from being demonstrated in research labs to being implemented in standards and products, presenting new opportunities to utilize its foundational concepts. Some of the most significant opportunities include using FD to enable wireless networks to sense the physical environment, integrate sensing and communication applications, develop integrated access and backhaul solutions, and work with smart signal propagation environments powered by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. However, these new opportunities also come with new challenges for large-scale commercial deployment of FD technology, such as managing self-interference, combating cross-link interference in multi-cell networks, and coexistence of dynamic time division duplex, subband FD and FD networks.

翻译：带内全双工（FD）技术使节点能够在同一频段同时进行收发操作，这一特性挑战了无线网络设计中的传统假设。全双工能力可提升频谱效率并降低时延，这两项关键性能正是推动下一代移动网络性能预期提升的核心驱动力。在不到十年间，带内全双工技术已从实验室内演示验证进展至标准制定与产品落地，为利用其基础概念带来了全新机遇。其中最具潜力的应用包括：利用全双工技术实现无线网络感知物理环境、集成感知与通信功能、开发接入与回传一体化方案，以及配合可重构智能表面构建智能信号传播环境。然而，这些新机遇也伴随着全双工技术大规模商业部署面临的新挑战，包括自干扰管理、多小区网络交叉链路干扰抑制，以及动态时分双工、子带全双工与全双工网络共存等关键问题。